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Salesforce CRT-450 Sample Questions
Question # 1
A company decides to implement a new process where every time an Opportunity iscreated, a follow up Task should be created and assigned to the Opportunity Owner.What is the most efficient way for a developer to implement this?
A. Auto-launched flow on Task B. Apex trigger on Task C. Task actions D. Record-trigger flow on Opportunity
Answer: D
Explanation:
A record-trigger flow on Opportunity is the most efficient way for a developer to implement
this requirement, because it allows the developer to automate the creation and assignment
of a Task without writing any code. A record-trigger flow can be configured to run when a
record is created, updated, or deleted, and it can access and update related records using
flow elements1. A record-trigger flow on Opportunity can also use the $Record global
variable to access the Opportunity Owner and assign the Task to them2.
An auto-launched flow on Task is not an efficient way to implement this requirement,
because it requires the developer to manually invoke the flow from another process, such
as a trigger or a button3. An auto-launched flow on Task cannot access the Opportunity
record or its Owner without a lookup element, which adds complexity and reduces
performance.
An Apex trigger on Task is not an efficient way to implement this requirement, because it
requires the developer to write and maintain code, which is more prone to errors and
harder to debug than a flow. An Apex trigger on Task also cannot access the Opportunity
record or its Owner without a SOQL query, which consumes governor limits and increases
the risk of hitting the 101 SOQL limit.
A Task action is not an efficient way to implement this requirement, because it requires the user to manually create and assign the Task from the Opportunity record page. A Task
action does not automate the process, and it relies on the user to remember and follow the
business rule. References:
1: Automate Your Business Processes with Record-Triggered Flows
2: Use the $Record Global Variable in Record-Triggered Flows
3: Automate Your Business Processes with Scheduled and Platform
Event–Triggered Flows
: Access and Update Related Records in Flows
: Apex Triggers
: Apex Governor Limits
: Create Actions for the Action Bar
Question # 2
A developer creates a custom exception as shown below:public class ParityException extends Exception {}What are two ways the developer can fire the exception in Apex?Choose 2 answers
A. new ParityException();: B. throw new ParityException("parity does not match"); C. new ParityException('parity does not match'); D. throw new ParityException();
Answer: B,D
Explanation:
To use a custom exception, you can create an instance of the custom exception class and
use the throw keyword to throw the exception. You can also optionally provide a custom
error message or a chained exception cause as arguments to the custom exception
constructor. The syntax for throwing a custom exception is:
throw new CustomException(optional_message, optional_cause);
Therefore, the options B and D are valid ways to fire the custom exception in Apex. The
options A and C are invalid because they only create an instance of the custom exception
class, but do not throw it. Also, the option C uses single quotes instead of double quotes for
the error message, which is not allowed in Apex. References: You can find more
information about custom exceptions in the Apex Developer Guide and the Apex Reference
Guide on Salesforce’s official website. You can also read this blog post for a tutorial on
creating and using custom exceptions.
Question # 3
Universal Containers has a Visualforce page that displays a table of every Container__cbeing rented by a given Account. Recently thispage is failing with a view state limit because some of the customers rent over 10,000containers.What should a developer change about the Visualforce page to help with the page loaderrors?
A. Use JavaScript remotlng with SOQL Offset. B. Implement pagination with a StandardSetController. C. Implement pagination with an OffaetController. D. Use lazy loading and a transient List variable.
Answer: B
Explanation:
The view state limit is the maximum size of the serialized version of the page state that can
be transferred between the server and the client. The view state includes the components,
field values, and controller state of the page. To reduce the view state size, a developer
can use a StandardSetController, which allows the developer to create pagination for a set
of records without having to manually manage the query and the results. A
StandardSetController can handle up to 10,000 records, and only the records that are
displayed on the current page are included in the view state. This way, the developer can
avoid querying and storing all the records in a list variable, which would increase the view
state size and potentially cause errors. References:
Visualforce Developer Guide: Working with Very Large SOQL Queries
Trailhead: Visualforce Basics
Question # 4
As part of new feature development, a developer is asked to build a responsive applicationcapable of responding to touch events, that will be executed on stateful clients.Which two technologies are built on a framework that fully supports the businessrequirement? Choose 2 answers
A. Aura Components B. Vlsualforce Components C. Lightning Web Components D. Visualforce Pages
Answer: A,C
Explanation:
Aura Components and Lightning Web Components are two technologies that are built on a
framework that fully supports the business requirement of building a responsive application
capable of responding to touch events, that will be executed on stateful clients. Both
technologies are part of the Lightning Component Framework, which is a modern UI
framework for developing dynamic web apps for mobile and desktop devices. The
Lightning Component Framework uses standard web technologies, such as HTML, CSS,
JavaScript, and Web Components, to create reusable and interoperable components that
can adapt to different screen sizes, devices, and orientations. The framework also provides
features such as data binding, event handling, state management, and server-side
integration, to enable developers to create rich and interactive user interfaces.
Aura Components are the original technology for creating Lightning components. They use
a custom XML-based markup language, Aura, to define the component structure and
behavior. Aura Components can respond to touch events using the ui:input component,
which provides a generic input element that can handle different input types, such as text,
number, date, checkbox, radio, toggle, and email. The ui:input component also supports
touch gestures, such as swipe, tap, and pinch, by using the ontouchstart, ontouchend,
ontouchmove, and ontouchcancel attributes. Aura Components are stateful, meaning that
they maintain their state on the client-side and communicate with the server only when
necessary. This reduces the network traffic and improves the performance and user
experience.
Lightning Web Components are the newer technology for creating Lightning components.
They use standard HTML, CSS, and JavaScript to define the component structure and
behavior. Lightning Web Components can respond to touch events using the standard
HTML input element, which provides a native input element that can handle different input
types, such as text, number, date, checkbox, radio, toggle, and email. The input element
also supports touch gestures, such as swipe, tap, and pinch, by using the standard touch
event listeners, such as touchstart, touchend, touchmove, and touchcancel. Lightning Web
Components are also stateful, meaning that they maintain their state on the client-side and
communicate with the server only when necessary. This reduces the network traffic and improves the performance and user experience.
Visualforce Components and Visualforce Pages are two technologies that are not built on a
framework that fully supports the business requirement of building a responsive application
capable of responding to touch events, that will be executed on stateful clients. Visualforce
Components are reusable UI elements that can be used in Visualforce Pages. Visualforce
Pages are web pages that can display and interact with Salesforce data and logic.
Visualforce Components and Pages use a custom XML-based markup language,
Visualforce, to define the UI elements and behavior. Visualforce Components and Pages
can be made responsive by using the Salesforce Lightning Design System (SLDS), which
is a collection of design guidelines, components, and resources that enable developers to
create consistent and beautiful user interfaces across devices. However, Visualforce
Components and Pages do not have native support for touch events, and require custom
JavaScript code to handle them. Visualforce Components and Pages are also stateless,
meaning that they do not maintain their state on the client-side and communicate with the
server on every request. This increases the network traffic and affects the performance and
user experience.
References:
Lightning Component Framework
Aura Components Developer Guide
Lightning Web Components Developer Guide
Visualforce Developer Guide
Salesforce Lightning Design System
Question # 5
Universal Hiring uses Salesforce to capture job applications. A salesforce administratorcreated two custom objects; Job__c acting as the maste object, Job _Application__c actingas the detail.Within the Job ___c object, a custom multi-select picklist, preferred Locations __c, containsa list of approved states for the position. EachJob_Application__c record relates to a Contact within the system through a master-detailrelationship.Recruiters have requested the ability to view whether the Contact's Mailing State valuematches a value selected on the Preferred_Locations__c field,within the Job_Application__c record. Recruiters would like this value to be kept in sync ifchanges occur to the Contact's Mailing State.What is the recommended tool a developer should use to meet the business requirement
A. Roll-up summary field B. Apex trigger C. Formula field D. Record-triggered flow
Answer: D
Explanation:
A record-triggered flow is a type of flow that runs when a record is created or updated1. It
can perform actions such as updating fields, creating records, sending emails, and calling
Apex classes2. A record-triggered flow is the recommended tool for this scenario because
it can compare the Contact’s Mailing State with the Job’s Preferred Locations, and update
a custom field on the Job Application object accordingly. It can also handle changes to the
Contact’s Mailing State and keep the Job Application field in sync3. References:
1: Record-Triggered Flows | Salesforce Help
2: What You Can Do with Record-Triggered Flows | Salesforce Help
3: Universal Hiring is using Salesforce to capture job applications. A … |
Salesforce Quiz
Question # 6
What can be easily developed using the Lightning Component framework?
A. Customized JavaScript buttons B. Salesforce Classic user Interface pages C. Lightning Pages D. Salesforce integrations
Answer: C
Question # 7
Which two characteristics are true for Lightning Web Component custom events?Choose 2 answers
A. Data may be passed In the payload of a custom event using a wire decoratedproperties. B. By default a custom event only propagates to its immediate container and to itsimmediate child component. C. By default a custom event only propagates to it's immediate container. D. Data may be passed in the payload of a custom event using a property called detail.
Answer: C,D
Explanation: The correct answer is C and D because they are the characteristics of
Lightning Web Component custom events as described in the Salesforce documentation1.
A custom event is an event that a component fires to communicate data to other
components. By default, a custom event only propagates to its immediate container, which
is the component that created it or the component that hosts the component that created it.
To propagate the event beyond the immediate container, the component that fires the
event must set the composed property of the event to true. A custom event can pass data
to other components in the payload using a property called detail, which can be any
JavaScript object. The other options are incorrect because they are not true for Lightning
Web Component custom events. Option A is incorrect because a wire decorated property
is a property that is automatically updated with data from a Salesforce org or an Apex
method. It is not related to custom events. Option B is incorrect because a custom event
does not propagate to its immediate child component by default, unless the child component is the one that fires the event or the event is composed. References:
Communicate with Events
Trailhead: Communicate Between Components
Trailhead: Lightning Web Components Basics
Question # 8
A developer is designing a new application on the Salesforce platform and wants to ensureit can support multiple tenants effectively.Which design framework should the developer consider to ensure scalability andmaintainability?
A. Flux (view, action, dispatcher, and store) B. Waterfall Model C. Agile Development D. Model-View-Controller (MVC)
Answer: D
Explanation:
The correct answer is D because the Model-View-Controller (MVC) design framework is a
best practice for developing scalable and maintainable applications on the Salesforce
platform. The MVC framework separates the application logic into three layers: the model,
which represents the data and business logic; the view, which displays the user interface
and user interactions; and the controller, which mediates the communication between the
model and the view. By using the MVC framework, developers can modularize their code,
reuse components, and avoid tight coupling between layers. The other options are
incorrect because they are not design frameworks, but rather development methodologies
or architectures. Flux is an architecture for building user interfaces with React, a JavaScript
library. Waterfall and Agile are methodologies for managing software development projects,
with different approaches to planning, testing, and delivering software. References:
Apex Developer Guide: MVC Architecture
Trailhead: Apex Basics for .NET Developers
Trailhead: Platform Developer I Certification Study Guide
Question # 9
Universal Containers wants to automatically assign new cases to the appropriate supportrepresentative based on the case origin. They have created a custom field on the Caseobject to store the support representative name.What is the best solution to assign the case to the appropriate support representative?
A. Use a trigger an the Case object. B. Use a formula field on the case object. C. Use a validation rule on the Case object. D. Use an Assignment Flow element.
Answer: D
Explanation: An Assignment Flow element is a logic element that allows you to set values
in variables, collection variables, record variables, record collection variables, and global
variables1. You can use an Assignment Flow element to assign the support representative
name to the custom field on the Case object based on the case origin. This way, you can
automate the case assignment process without writing any code or using any formula. A
trigger, a formula field, and a validation rule are not the best solutions for this scenario, as
they either require code, are not dynamic, or do not change the field value. References: 1:
Flow Element: Assignment - Salesforce
Question # 10
What are two considerations for deploying from a sandbox to production?Choose 2 answers
A. Should deploy during business hours to ensure feedback can be Quickly addressed B. All triggers must have at least one line of test coverage. C. At least 75% of Aptx code must be covered by unit tests. D. Unit tests must have calls to the System.assert method.
Answer: C,D
Explanation: The correct answers are C and D because they are the minimum
requirements for deploying Apex code from a sandbox to production. According to the
Salesforce documentation1, “To deploy Apex or package it for the AppExchange, at least
75% of your Apex code must be covered by unit tests, and all of those tests must complete
successfully.” Additionally, “Every test method must use the System.assert methods to
verify that the expected behavior occurs.” The other options are incorrect because they are
not mandatory for deployment, but rather best practices or recommendations. Deploying
during business hours may not be feasible or desirable for some organizations, depending
on their availability and change management processes. Having at least one line of test coverage for each trigger is not enough to ensure code quality and functionality, and may
not meet the 75% code coverage requirement. References:
Apex Testing
Deploy Apex
Trailhead: Apex Testing
Question # 11
Universal Containers wants to ensure that all new leads created in the system have a validemail address. They have already created a validation rule to enforce this requirement, butwant to add an additional layer of validation using automation.What would be the best solution for this requirement?
A. Submit a REST API Callojt with a JSON payload and validate the f elds on a third pattysystem B. Use an Approval Process to enforce tne completion of a valid email address using anoutbound message action. C. Use a before-save Apex trigger on the Lead object to validate the email address anddisplay an error message If it Is invalid D. Use a custom Lightning web component to make a callout to validate the fields on athird party system.
Answer: C
Explanation: A before-save Apex trigger on the Lead object can validate the email
address using regular expressions or other logic and display an error message if it is
invalid. This solution is efficient, scalable, and does not require any external dependencies
or user intervention. References:
[Apex Triggers]: Learn how to write Apex triggers to perform custom actions before
or after changes to Salesforce records.
[Validation Rules]: Learn how to use validation rules to check the accuracy of data
before it’s saved to your database.
[Approval Processes]: Learn how to automate the approval of records in
Salesforce. [Lightning Web Components]: Learn how to build fast and reusable web
components on the Lightning Platform.
Question # 12
Which three resources in an Aura component can contain JavaScript functions? Choose 3answers
A. Renclerer B. Style C. Helper D. Controller E. Design
Answer: C,D,E
Explanation: A helper is a JavaScript resource that contains functions that can be reused
by the component’s controller or other helpers. A controller is a JavaScript resource that
contains functions that handle user interactions and events in the component. A renderer is
a JavaScript resource that overrides the default rendering behavior of the component.
A style is a CSS resource that defines the appearance of the component. A design is an
XML resource that specifies the design-time attributes for the
component. References: Using JavaScript, Using External JavaScript Libraries In Aura
Component, Expression Functions Reference
Question # 13
Which code displays the contents of a Visualforce page as a PDF?
A. <apenipage contentType="pdf"> B. <apex:page contentType=“application/pd£f"> C. <apexipage renderAs="pdf"> D. <apex:page renderAs="application/pdf">
Answer: C
Explanation:
You can render any page as a PDF by adding the renderAs attribute to
the <apex:page> component, and specifying "pdf" as the rendering service1. For
example: <apex:page renderAs="pdf">. You can also use
the PageReference.getContentAsPDF() method in Apex to render a Visualforce page as
PDF data, and then use Apex code to convert that PDF data to an email attachment, a
document, a Chatter post, and so on2. References:
1: Render a Visualforce Page as a PDF File | Visualforce Developer Guide |
Salesforce Developers
2: Render a Visualforce Page as PDF from Apex | Visualforce Developer Guide |
Salesforce Developers
Question # 14
Which code in a Visualforce page and/or controller might present a security vulnerability?
A. <apex:outputfield value="(!ctrl.userinput)" rendered="(!isfditable}" /> B. <apex:outputText escape="false" value="{!sCurrentPage.parameters.userInput}™ /> C. <apex:outputField value="{'ctrl.userInput}" /> D. <apex:outputText value="{!SCurrentPage.parameters.useriInput}" />
Answer: B
Explanation:
This code is vulnerable to a cross-site scripting (XSS) attack, because it takes usersupplied
input and outputs it directly back to the user without escaping the XSS-vulnerable
characters, such as <, >, ", ', and &. By setting the escape attribute to false, the developer
disables the anti-XSS filter that is enabled by default for most Visualforce tags. An attacker
can exploit this vulnerability by injecting malicious HTML or JavaScript code into the
userInput parameter, which can then execute on the user’s browser and compromise their
security or privacy. References:
Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
Security Tips for Apex and Visualforce Development
Security Guidelines for Apex and Visualforce Development
Question # 15
In terms of the MVC paradigm, what are two advantages of implementing the view layer ofa Salesforce application using Lightning Web Component-based development overVisualforce?Choose 2 answers
A. Log capturing via the Debug Logs Setup page B. Built-in standard and custom set controllers C. Self-contained and reusable units of an application D. Rich component ecosystem
Answer: C,D
Explanation:
The correct answers are option C and option D. Lightning Web Components are selfcontained
and reusable units of an application that follow web standards and can leverage
modern web features. They also benefit from a rich component ecosystem that includes
standard components, custom components, and third-party components. Visualforce, on
the other hand, is a legacy framework that relies on server-side rendering and proprietary
markup. It does not offer the same level of modularity, performance, and interoperability as
Lightning Web Components. References: The information can be referenced from the
official Salesforce documentation and learning materials available on Trailhead.
Specifically, it aligns with the objectives outlined in Lightning Web Components Basics,
where the benefits and features of Lightning Web Components are discussed. Lightning
Web Components Basics
Question # 16
What is the value of the Trigger.old context variable in a before insert trigger?
A. A list of newly created sObjects without IDs B. null C. Undefined D. An empty list of sObjects
Answer: B
Explanation: The Trigger.old context variable returns a list of the old versions of the
sObject records. This sObject list is only available in update and delete triggers1. In a
before insert trigger, there are no old versions of the records, so the Trigger.old context
2: Get Started with Apex Triggers Unit | Salesforce Trailhead
Question # 17
What are two characteristics related to formulas?Choose 2 answers
A. Formulas are calculated at runtime and are not stored in the database B. Fields that are used in a formula field can be deleted or edited wlthojt editing the formjta. C. formulas can reference themselves. D. Formulas can reference vaues m reiatea objects.
Answer: A,D
Explanation:
Formulas are expressions that are used to calculate and display values based on the data
in your records. Formulas can be used in various contexts, such as formula fields,
validation rules, workflow rules, and so on. Some of the characteristics related to formulas
are:
Formulas are calculated at runtime and are not stored in the database. This means
that every time a record is viewed or a report is run, the formula is evaluated
based on the current data in the record. This ensures that the formula results are
always up to date and accurate1.
Formulas can reference values in related objects. This means that you can use
formulas to access data from parent or child objects, or even from objects that are
indirectly related via lookup or master-detail relationships. For example, you can
use a formula field on the Opportunity object to display the account owner’s name
by referencing the Owner.Name field on the Account object2.
Formulas cannot reference themselves. This means that you cannot use a formula
field or variable as part of its own definition. For example, you cannot create a
formula field called Total Amount that adds itself to another field. This would create
a circular reference and cause an error3.
Fields that are used in a formula field cannot be deleted or edited without editing
the formula. This means that if you want to delete or change a field that is
referenced by a formula field, you have to modify the formula field first to remove
or update the reference. Otherwise, the formula field will become invalid and
display an error. References: 1: Formula Operators and Functions by Context -
for Working with Formulas - Salesforce Help (5) : Considerations for Deleting
Fields - Salesforce Help (6)
Question # 18
A developer created a trigger on the Account object. While testing the trigger, thedeveloper sees the error message 'Maximum trigger depthexceeded’,What could be the possible causes?
A. The developer does not have the correct user permission. B. The trigger is getting executed multiple times. C. The trigger is a a helper class. D. The trigger does not have sufficient code coverage.
Answer: B
Explanation:
The correct answer is that the trigger is getting executed multiple times. This error
message indicates that the trigger has exceeded the maximum number of recursions
allowed by Salesforce, which is 16. This can happen when the trigger causes an update on
the same object or a related object, which in turn fires the trigger again, creating an infinite
loop. To avoid this, the developer should use a static variable to control the trigger
execution and prevent it from running more than once in the same transaction. References
: Apex Developer Guide, Trailhead
Question # 19
A developer is tasked with building a custom Lightning web component to collect Contactinformation.The form will be shared among many different types of users in the org. There are securityrequirements that only certain fields should be edited and viewed by certain groups ofusers.What should the developer use in their Lightning Web Component to support the securityrequirements?
A. force-input-field B. ui-input-field C. aura-input-field D. lightning-input-field
Answer: D
Explanation:
The developer should use the lightning-input-field component to support the security
requirements. This component respects the field-level security and sharing settings of the
Salesforce org, and displays the appropriate data to different types of users. The other
components do not have this feature, and may expose sensitive data to unauthorized
users. References: Lightning Web Components Developer Guide), Secure Coding Guide)
Question # 20
Managers at Universal Containers want to ensure that only decommissioned containers areable to be deleted in the system. To meet the business requirement a Salesforce developeradds "Decommissioned" as ipicklist value for the Statu3__c custom field within theContainer__c object.Which two approaches could a developer use to enforce only Container records with astatus of "Decommissioned" can be deleted?Choose 2 answers
A. Validation rule B. After record-triggered flow C. Apex trigger D. Before record-triggered flow
Answer: A,C
Explanation:
A validation rule is a declarative way to enforce data quality and business logic on the
records. A validation rule can prevent a record from being deleted if it does not meet
certain criteria, such as having a specific field value. For example, a validation rule on the
Container__c object could be:
NOT(ISPICKVAL(Status__c, “Decommissioned”))
This validation rule would prevent any Container record from being deleted unless its
Status__c field is “Decommissioned”.
An Apex trigger is a programmatic way to execute custom logic before or after a record is
inserted, updated, deleted, or undeleted. An Apex trigger can also prevent a record from
being deleted by using the SObject.addError() method, which displays an error message
and rolls back the transaction. For example, an Apex trigger on the Container__c object could be:
trigger ContainerTrigger on Container__c (before delete) { for (Container__c c : Trigger.old)
{ if (c.Status__c != ‘Decommissioned’) { c.addError(‘You can only delete decommissioned
containers.’); } } }
This trigger would iterate over the records that are being deleted and check their Status__c
field. If the field is not “Decommissioned”, it would add an error to the record and prevent
the deletion.
B. After record-triggered flow and D. Before record-triggered flow are not correct answers
because record-triggered flows cannot prevent records from being deleted. Recordtriggered
flows are a declarative way to automate business processes and execute actions
when a record is created, updated, or deleted. However, record-triggered flows do not have
the ability to display custom error messages or roll back transactions. Therefore, they
cannot be used to enforce the business requirement of only allowing decommissioned
containers to be deleted. References: Validation Rules, Apex Triggers, Record-Triggered
